Realizado por Aiman Mahboub. China’s economic transformation over the past four decades is rooted in gradualism, a strategic blend of state control and market liberalization initiated by Deng Xiaoping after Mao Zedong’s death in 1976. Reforms began in agriculture, introducing market incentives, followed by industrial restructuring, which granted enterprises autonomy and fostered a private sector. Trade liberalization, marked by the Open-Door Policy and Special Economic Zones (SEZs), positioned China as a global manufacturing hub. WTO membership further integrated China into the global economy, while initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative cemented its economic dominance. This state-led model challenges the Washington Consensus, advocating for stronger government involvement in economic development.